Monday, 13 November 2017

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE: Research into other Museums

I thought it would be a good idea to research into other museums videos, to see what approach they choose to help educate and inform the public from different age groups. The first museums that came to mind were the bigger and more popular ones, such as the Natural History Museum and the British Museum. A smaller and less well-known museum I thought of included the Dulwich Picture Gallery.

The Natural History Museum

http://www.nhm.ac.uk


Natural History Museum foyer http://www.nhm.ac.uk/about-us/news/2015/january/blue-whale-to-take-centre-stage-museum.html

The first video that was on the Natural History Museum's website was Venom: Killer and Cure video (correct at time of research), which features a snake moving around the camera. One thing about this video in particular is that it is silent. This is so the viewer can read the text and not have any other sound in the background to concentrate on what they're reading. The video is also on a loop so it is continuous throughout the period of time the viewer is on that page of the website. 


Screenshot from Natural History Museum's website http://www.nhm.ac.uk    
Another thing I noticed about the website was that there aren't many videos at all, the majority of the visuals are photos. This may be because they change the website around a lot when the new exhibitions get shown, and maybe they don't have enough time to made new videos, therefore the photos are less time consuming. 

The quality of the shot of the snake is amazing. It is a very detailed close up of the snake slivering past the camera. It looks very creepy, especially with the black background, and would be frightening to anyone afraid of snakes, which is a good impact that the video has on the audience. The dark theme can also come across in the text 'Venom' written in bold letters, with the white writing standing out well against the black background and dark coloured snake. 

There isn't really a story to this extremely short video, but having the detailed shot of the snake and the text 'Venom: Killer and Cure' the audience can think of their own story before scrolling down to read about the exhibition. Maybe, the snake is moving slowly through the night, to get ready to pounce on its' prey. Therefore, letting the audience create their own story means it can be seen as more interactive than I first thought. 

Relation to my work
One thing I have decided on for definite is that my video will not be silent and will include a voice over. I feel this is appropriate for the type of video I want to give to the museum. I want it to educate young children and they may get bored looking at just moving images on a screen, the dialogue will hopefully help keep them interested. Unless my video gets shown in the viewing screen behind the glass at the Guildhall, then I will have to make another video, possibly silent or with text. 

The British Museum

http://www.britishmuseum.org


The British Museum website, home page http://www.britishmuseum.org
The British Museum is slightly different as they do not open with a video, more of a slideshow of photos of what is featured in the museum. It has a similar layout to the Guildhall Museum's website with artefacts and their information online for the public to browse through, however there are no videos about these objects. 

However, there is a link which says 'Search the collection, our website, our YouTube channel and our shop – all in one place'. So, instead of having individual videos on the website for each artefact, there have them all in the one place on YouTube. I had a look at some of the videos. 

Screenshot of The British Museum's YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/user/britishmuseum


The first video I looked at was Scythians: the alternative lifestyle of antiquity (below) and it was a good educative short film about the object. The video included the curator of the exhibition on screen at the beginning and a few times throughout introducing and talking about the exhibition. There was a continuing track of music in the background, the type of music they chose gave the video a mysterious feel to it. When we weren't on the curator, we were looking at shots of the exhibition in the corridors and objects in it, with his voice still talking over the top. I was constantly interested in the video and understood everything he said. The video had a lot of content about the Scythians in it and it was all very interesting. The storytelling is good and the story is interesting, he speaks about who the Scythains were and where they originated from, and that even though they may not have lived in cities, they still had the skill and desire to live the good life.

Another feature I really liked in the British Museum's video was the opening title and how they made it appear. Each letter appeared differently, and it looked really effective. This is probably a feature just for their videos but I would like to experiment with different effects on my titles to see what I can come up with. 


Screenshot from video Scythians https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFVqVF4kh28

Relation to my work
The structure to this film with the shots of the object and the voice over is the same as what I want my video to be like. This person however, is talking about the objects and is on-screen, whereas, I was just thinking about having a voice over. Although, having someone on screen is not a bad idea, I could get Steve to talk to the camera about the Fly Tool but he will be there primarily to help us and maybe wouldn't feel comfortable on-screen. Another option is to get Katie (who I am using for my voice over) to be on-screen and pretend that she works at the Guildhall Museum. However, as this video is factual, it wouldn't be right to have an actor pretending to work at the museum. 

The shots of the artefacts look aesthetically pleasing which is how I would like my shots to look of the Fly Tool - good lighting and positioning will play a part in this. I also have never thought about putting an underlying sound track throughout the video, researching into this has led me to want to incorporate an music track throughout my video. I will try this out in the editing process to see if it effects my video positively or not. There were no pauses or long black screens which helped it flow well all the way through, this is what I want my video to be like, I need good transitions from one idea into the other to prevent any pauses or the audience getting bored.

The story of the Scythians starts with how they came about, then he goes back to the exhibition and what objects to do with the Scythians they have at the museum and then back to the Scythians in general. This can be applied to my work with a similar content layout. I start by introducing the Fly Tool, then go onto how it was used and then back to the tool to describe it. I think this is a good layout to follow and makes sense for young children to follow. 



Dulwich Picture Gallery
http://www.dulwichpicturegallery.org.uk

As the Guildhall is a small museum, it would make sense to have a look at how smaller, less well known museums promote their content visually. One museum I found was the Dulwich Picture Gallery. Although, this museum mainly contains paintings rather than historian artefacts, it's aim is still to educate and inform, which is the same aim for the Guildhall. 



Dulwich Picture Gallery https://www.visitlondon.com/things-to-do/place/187472-dulwich-picture-gallery


Similarly to The British Museum, the Dulwich have videos on YouTube but they also feature them on their website. I watched one called More than Moomins: Tove Jansson at Dulwich Picture Gallery which had similarities to The British Museum's videos. The More than Moomins video also has someone on-screen talking about the exhibitions but she is walking around which brings more life into the video, it can help the audience feel like they are there at the museum without actually having to be there. 

The storytelling of the exhibition is good and very interesting. It is clear to see what objects/paintings the dialogue is talking about with the lady standing at the specific objects/paintings. The camera work is very different to the other videos I have looked at, the camera swings around the paintings and the woman in front of them. The camera also doesn't focus on a painting like the other museums when the camera would sit on an object while it gets spoken about. The Dulwich's video has text which pops up with a star rating that the museum has been given from popular newspapers and media platforms. This is a good idea to promote new visitors, if the online audience can see that it has been rated 4/5 stars then they are more likely to want to go. 


Screenshot from More Than Moomins video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoB90oCyHdQ

This idea gives the video an animated feel to it, which would be good to promote towards schools and their pupils. The camera work is all very quick which to me, maybe a bit too quick. It doesn't give you time to see the paintings on show because before you know it the camera has turned to something else. 

There is a lot of content to the Dulwich Museum's video for 59 seconds and explains a lot about Tove Jansson, the novelist and painter, in the More Than Moomins video. Similarly to the camera work, the information is released rather quick and a lot is said in the 59 seconds. Apart from the star rating animation-feel, I don't think this video is particularly aimed at young children and more towards adults. 

Relation to my work
This video has very nice lighting and looks aesthetically pleasing, which is a feature I would like to have in my own video. Both videos are also very short, with The British Museum's being 1'41'' and the Dulwich's being 59 seconds. It was helpful looking at these videos to see how much information they include in such short videos. Mine should be slightly longer than these but shouldn't exceed 2'00'', so I may be able to include even more information in mine.

I wasn't keen on how quick the camera work was so my video will not be as fast and will hold for longer on the different shots. However, I did like how they promoted their star rating but I'm not sure if that is something Rachel and Steve would want in the video - I will have to check on this. I am hoping to make the voice over slower than the Dulwich's video and easily understood by younger children, as they are my primary audience and main priority when thinking about the content and structure for my video. 

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE: First Meeting at the Museum & Schedule

Today was my first visit to the Guildhall Museum. I met with George who is also doing the 100 objects commission and we met with Rachel and Steve, who we will be liaising with throughout the commission. They showed us round the museum and the different objects in the exhibition and gave us some information about them. This was very helpful as it has made me want to research into other objects and has given me additional ideas along with more information about the Anglo-Saxon Pennies. I learnt that the only requirements they expected were for the video to be short (2 minutes max) and to be aimed at children as they are the main age group that visit the museum on school trips - this means I have the chance to maybe put in graphics or cartoon images and the dialogue will need to be simple so the children can understand the story well. 

Anglo-Saxon Pennies






The pennies were a lot smaller than I thought. This seems stupid because all coins are small but from the photos I expected them to be a bit bigger and maybe over the years, any new coins were made smaller. Being so small they may be difficult for me to get the detail in focus through the camera. 


Gold Staters

Rachel introduced me to the Gold Staters. These look similar to the coins with the biggest difference being that they cannot be used for currency. They were a way of storing treasure and rewarding people. They were found packed into a hollow fossil flint sponge, and buried in the ground. The fact that even just the fossil they were packed into is an amazing find, the staters just add that extra bit of impressiveness. Maybe I could link the two in one film, e.g. information about the coins then say "similar to the Gold Staters, however, these are unable to be used as currency". 



Fly Tool

The Fly Tool was an object Rachel mentioned and she said that it has an interesting back story. Therefore, I have researched into this object to see if I can find a better story to base my film on. 





The '100 Objects That Made Kent' website explains the Fly Tool as:

Spade-like cutting tool; ‘muddies’ fly tool; used for digging & loading mud (clay) on to barges for the cement industry; wooden shaft with perpendicular top grip (probably a replacement); heavily shoed in iron to create a narrow cutting edge. Made of wood. Length: 1090mm, Width: 122mm. 

My initial idea for this is to include shots of the Medway River to possibly put the audience in the workers perspective. The tool was used in the cement industry, therefore another shot could be someone working with cement. My dad uses it sometimes in the garden so I could get a few shots of the cement. 


The following description is also on the 100 objects website for the Fly Tool but it could make a good starting point for the script:

The need for a strong reliable cement increased due to the escalating engineering works from the late 18th century onwards. James Parker, in 1796, patented what became known as Roman cement. This was a ‘natural’ cement made from chalk and clay in approximately the right proportions, which, when broken and fired in a kiln at 900 to 1200 degrees centigrade, and ground to a powder with mill stones and sieved, produced a strong cement. The ‘cement stones’ were initially obtained from the Sheppey shore, the Essex coast and by dredging between.

I could get a stock photo of James Parker and film clay and chalk. I could also get someone to light a match/lighter for 'fired in a kiln' with the flame being a good visual for that part. Thinking about using this information for the script, I think the whole video needs to be about the actual tool not the cement, I may be able to keep some of these shots but mainly it should be shots and information of the tool. I will also be sure to talk about the description of the tool and focus in on the details of the spade, shaft and handle. 


Straight away I can think of better visuals and ideas for the Fly Tool over the Anglo-Saxon Pennies so I think I will go in that direction. 



Wooden top grip


Wooden shaft











Spade end. Shoed in iron to create the narrow cutting edge














Schedule

While we were at the museum we agreed our schedule for this project with Rachel and Steve for when we were all available to meet:

November

Wednesday 15th - Possibly meet again or email Steve with ideas and for any info he's got on chosen objects

Thursday 16th - Rough storyboard/write up of ideas 


Tuesday 21st - Filming all day. From 9.30am - 4pm


Wednesday 22nd - Another filming day if needed. From 9.30am


Friday 24th - Rough cut viewing with Rachel, Steve and Laura @ 11.30am


December

Monday 4th - Extra filming if needed after rough cut feedback

Wednesday 6th - Fine cut viewing with Rachel, Steve and Laura @ 11.30am


Tuesday 12th - Signing off with Rachel and Steve @ 11am. Retuning/possible re-shoot if needed 


Thursday 14th - Deadline/project hand in


I am very happy to have a schedule all worked out as now I know what time I've got before filming and in between the rough and fine cut viewings. It's all happening within the next couple of weeks so theres no time to mess about. I also have a weeks work experience to do in that time too (27th Nov-1st Dec) which is why the rough cut has been brought forward from the 27th to the 24th. 


Friday, 10 November 2017

CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES: (Lecture) Creating Meaning - Intertextuality & Authenticity

Creating meaning
- Study of media explores its ability to not only create a meaning from the images it puts together, but how it helps the audience understand themselves and the world around them
- Media's impact in society in terms of ability to frame

Intertextuality - to suggest that texts do not exist in isolation, but instead are naturally influenced by other works

- Thus any work is a process of repetition and transformation
- "Any text is the absorption and transformation of another" (Kristeva, 1986, 37)
- Therefore there are traces of other works always present in any 'new' work
- It may include overt references in a new piece of work or more subtle references or it may before to the conventions of that particular media

Genre and intertextuality

- This is also true of the genre into which we place a piece of work
- This is because it necessitates us to understand those 'genre conventions' in order to understand the meanings the piece of work holds e.g. horror, Sci-fi etc
- Therefore this could include pastiche
- As genres evolve and hybridise
- e.g. comedy-horror
- The reader is able to understand not just the narrative, but the conventions which it uses to tell that narrative which in themselves contain other references and meanings

Intertextuality and storytelling

- This creates a far more complex and dynamic relationship between the audience and the media text
- What does this say about:
Our understanding of news content? what intertextual relationships are exploited?
Equally what about our relationship to television adaptations? what televisual 'benchmarks' exist?

Authenticity and fact

- Much of the debate surrounding both fiction adaptation and news content revolves around authenticity and fact
- How reliable are they
- How accurate is the media product to the original material?
- News - themes such as ethics, representation and legality are at the fore
- Fiction adaptation - can include the same themes

Should authenticity and fact be a concern only where we are dealing with reality or also with imagination and creativity?

- Not only facts being main concern
- Be creative/engage audience
- Good storytelling
- Facts being shown on screen and in narrative

What are the challenges of storytelling in both TV news journalism and fictional filmmaking?

- Censorship
- Way its told - book is something you can read but on screen can be boring
- Timeframes - a slow medium / short hand what we're talking about

After all they both relate to the same conventions and time based constraints on moving image storytelling?


What opportunities and threats does new media offer in this regard in terms of authenticity and fact?

- More formats
- Spreads quicker
- How active and passive are the audience? New media you are more active and more engaged.
- This medium evolves in how it tells the stories

Themes to explore in adaptation/translation fiction and fact for tv:

- Truth and accuracy
- Taste and decency
- Historical accuracy
- Factual accuracy
- Realism

Truth and accuracy in fiction

- e.g. BBC Four biographical drama (biopics)
- When dealing with contentious or sensitive storylines e.g. Eastenders and cot death/baby swap storyline

Historical accuracy

- When translating a historical event or person into a story for the big or small screen there is a potential con lift between the needs of storytelling, constraints on time on screen and commercial demands
- Difficult path to treat between storytelling and retelling real events

A most unusual case

Garrow's Law






















Drama derived from real cases from archives
- Decided to adapt into drama rather than present as a documentary
- Employed a consultant on legal and historical matter to ensure accuracy
- However dramatic interventions were necessary on many occasions
- Characters were also merged for simplicity in storytelling
- Won the Royal television Society award
- "Convenience of drama"
- Characters and integrity
- Drama - why not documentary? - Audiences
- Interpret and translate

Essay question - think about implications of storytelling


- Similarly storytelling in news and contractions of time mean that information is filtered and retold - what is the impact of this on truth and accuracy?


Representing reality and the law

- Both news journalism and fiction can be subject to legal action for inaccuracies
- Misrepresentation, slander and libel are potential charges which could result
- The simple fact is that audiences are potentially educated

What is the appeal of the Classics?

- Adaptations of classics can be seen as an exercise in 'nostalgia'
- Continued appeal of classics means they are frequently part of tv schedules

Dickens

- Most adapted author of all time
- All his novels have been adapted in some way
- Mass appeal
- Its literary form has become more elitist in recent times, however the screen adaptations continue to appeal to him
- Dickens has become a character himself

Classics and public service role

- Broadcasters may utilise classics as a source of adaptation to satisfy the public service remit
- But with this comes an additional pressure - the need to be 'faithful

Enduring social concerns

- They are able to fit into modern treatments and approaches - universality of themes
- He did so through stories involving caricatures of the people he sought to bring to book

Challenges when adapting a classic novel

- Very difficult not to subvert from the original
- The lens in which you explore a classic, you compare them to where we are now in terms of culture etc.

Thursday, 9 November 2017

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE: 100 Objects That Made Kent & Brief

One of the staff from the Guildhall Museum contacted me and she knew I was interested in the '100 Objects That Made Kent' commission. We agreed to have an initial meeting on Monday 13th at the museum. While I'm there it will be a great time to walk around and do a location recce and think of the risks involved with filming at the museum.  

The brief:


Reading the brief gave me a couple of ideas. I like the idea of creating a story from the object research. It's good that they accept any sort of ideas from us and we can be as abstract as we like about it - this gives us the freedom to do whatever we want (within reason).

Looking more into the initial objects I've chosen (these could change once I've seen the exhibition). I am most interested in the Anglo-Saxon silver pennies. I researched into them and then had an idea about doing the history of the English penny and how it's changed. I could feature how they made them, with their tiny details and markings.


http://www.tha-engliscan-gesithas.org.uk/education/anglo-saxon-coins

https://24carat.co.uk/frame.php?url=pennystory.html

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE: Initial Research into The Guildhall Museum

The Guildhall Museum, Rochester

For the professional practice unit, I have decided to do the '100 Objects That Made Kent' exhibition at the Guildhall Museum in Rochester. I have chosen this topic for the commission because I would like to try and produce a professional video for one of the objects in the exhibition. I also already have a weeks work experience with Suite TV to look forward to so I thought I could do both to get two different experiences. I have also looked into the films by the student who completed this commission last year and the videos were very well thought out and presented and something I feel I could achieve.

The Guildhall Museum

The museum was built in 1687 and is one of the finest 17th-century civic buildings in Kent. Its staircase and main hall have magnificent plaster ceilings, given in 1695 by Admiral Sir Cloudily Shovell, who was the Member of Parliament for Rochester at the time. 

The museum was first set up in Eastgate House further along the high street and was moved into the Guildhall in 1979. The wide-ranging collections are housed in two separate buildings, the Guildhall and the River Medway Conservancy Board Building. The museum's entrance gallery contains a small shop selling souvenirs, a reception desk and an introductory exhibition highlighting the role that River Medway has played in shaping the environmental and human history of Medway.


Source: http://www.medway.gov.uk/leisurecultureandsport/medwayarchivescentre/museums/guildhallmuseum.aspx



Google Maps https://www.google.co.uk/maps/search/guildhall+museum/@51.452943,-0.074497,10z/data=!3m1!4b1?dcr=0
I found the promotional video on the museums Medway Council website and it has given me an insight into the museum already without visiting it:


Source: http://www.medway.gov.uk/leisurecultureandsport/medwayarchivescentre/museums/guildhallmuseum.aspx

The exhibition has its own website which is very helpful for me to have a look into the different objects that are on show. The website is also very easy to follow and has different historic time periods on the left side so you can jump back to a specific period in time.


https://100objectskent.co.uk/object/
https://100objectskent.co.uk/object/

Initial object ideas:
Mosaic Floor
- Roman mosaic atrium of a substantial town house with a paving of plain stone “tesserae” and mosaic geometric flower pattern insets. The house dates from 70 AD and was occupied until about 350 AD.
Canterbury Roman Museum
Source: https://100objectskent.co.uk/object/mosaic-floor/
















Lar: A Bronze Figurine of a Household God

Household god, found in March 1888 near Quarry House, Frindsbury.
Guildhall Museum, Rochester
Source: https://100objectskent.co.uk/object/lar-bronze-figurine-household-god/
















Anglo-Saxon Silver Pennies

Immaculate silver pennies minted in Rochester in the reign of Aethelred II 1000 years ago.
Guildhall Museum, Rochester
Source: https://100objectskent.co.uk/object/anglo-saxon-silver-pennies/















My next step will be to get in contact with someone from the museum to find out more about the commission, who I'll be meeting and what they'll expect from me and my video. 

CRITICAL PERSPECTIONS: (Lecture) Globalisation, Cultural Imperialism & Appropriation

https://www.geo.tv/latest/126353-Critiquing-democracy-globalisation-is-
fashionable-wheres-the-action

Exploring the impact of:
- Globalisation - the media in a global marketplace/www
- Cultural imperialism - 'exportation' of values through global media
- Cultural Appropriation  - assumed cultural identities and the implications/effects

Homogenisation 

Imperial - we were an imperial nation 

Globalisation is the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole - (Robertson, 1992: 8)

Globalisation is best considered a complex set of interacting and often countervailing human, material and symbolic flows that lead to drivers, heterogeneous cultural positioning and practices which persistently and variously modify established vectors. 

Global dominance explored
- Globalisation considers the extent to which certain political economies 'dominate' the world through the process by which global media organisations as 'cultural transmitters' e.g. Netflix, BBC etc
- Thus major media organisations on the worlds stage 'drowned out' smaller regional outlets as they tend to follow this lead and effectively replicate their stance and mode of production. 
- In terms of news, accusations that 'US style journalism' is 'homogenising' world news coverage, becoming 'missionaries of corporate capitalism' - (Herman & McChesney, 1997, quoted in Cottle, 2009)
- Equally it has the potential to establish a dominant global culture.

Globalisation
- Can be negative and positive
- Why?
- Global media brands and output transmitting and selling formats on a worldwide scale are at least part of the reason.
- An increasingly 'marketed' media landscape on a global scale, chase big revenues and operate as any other product being sold - dependant on supply and demand. But what affect does this have on what is created?
- Media giants dominate not only their country of origin but as worldwide. 

Think about in essay - what channel and what does the story say to the culture?

The consequence on 'cultural imperialism'
- In general, what we are talking about is the potential for the media to allow one culture to dominate over another
- What does this mean for storytelling and the coverage of world issues?

World views?
- How do these dominant forces cover the multitude of potential stories available on a global scale?

Consequences
- CNN have been accused of stirring up 'compassion fatigue' through their reporting of global human suffering
- Rather than motivation and mobilising change amongst world powers and individuals, it suggests that it has desensitised the audience to major world crises
- Furthermore, focusing on particular events of 'crisis coverage', global tv news coverage ignores many more significant events and therefore they are excluded from policy debate.

Globalisation: World news - whose news?
- When related to news, globalisation is distinct from globalisation in general - which tends to focus upon socioeconomic lines such as the impact of international trading or the export or capitalist ideals and western culture
- What has been the result in terms of news coverage?

Changing news formats
- Changed the style and presentation of news programming 
- EG British Television inherited its news formatting model from the US in the mid 1950s which both ITN na then the BBC taking on generic features. 

Truly global?
- How likely is it that TV news can be truly provided 24/7 global 'breaking news'
- More often it can revert to the usual short cuts in storytelling and story seeking as it does of domestic stories? i.e. elite voices and establishments dominate
- Global tv news player emerged throughout the 1990s and beyond
- With the likes of BBC world and Murdock's News Corps news brands such as Fox, Sky and Star competing with one another of a world stage of audiences in the new markets. 

TV news and the global public sphere
- Not everyone agrees that global ideological dominance is a consequence of modern TV news operations
- i.e. the media can enhance and convey cultural differences, as well as the sort of 'bad' news which might reinforce cultural prejudices e.g. conflict or famine in the Third World etc
- Furthermore meanings are negotiated and filtered through culturally varied ways of understanding
- Therefore less culturally imperialist than the 'Global Dominate' model suggests. 
- What is the affect of social media on re-dressing the balance?

It's a small world after all?
- Can global and social media make the world more "interconnected, under-depedant" (Cottle, 2009, p351)

http://www.nme.com/news/film/ghost-in-the-sheel-viral-advert-backfires-scarlett-johansson-2016972
Ghost in the Shell  - 2017, US Blockbuster

- Received bad press - fans mocked Scarlett Johansson as the major
- The look of it has a lot to do with Blade Runner not the original comic

Global market place Vs global representation?
- Why is it that, given there is an inherently global market place for media (particularly online) and that therefore audiences are inherently diverse, that major film producers should consider it so difficult to be more representative of the original ethnicity of the text itself?
- What is it that motivates 'cultural appropriation'?

Impact of the media
- 'Agenda setting theory'
- It asserts that the news potentially impacts our understanding and decision making
- Origins from 1922 in book by journalist Water Lippman "Public Opinion" - 
- News media are responsible for putting 'pictures in our heads' which inform our view of the world
- Fifty years late Maxwell E. McCombs and Donald L. Shaw, examined the 'agenda setting' role of the media during the 1968 presidential election in the US. 

Agenda setting - how journalists and media organisations determine salience and story framing
- Think about who and what is/isn't included in a story?
- Those with that could be defied as 'marginal' viewpoints - how are they presented?

Who's to blame for agenda setting?
- Journalists 
- Media owners
- Or in essence is no one body is responsible for a sinister plot to brain wash the news audience and wider public

Why is it necessary rationalise and frame story?
- Time based media

How do the media influence the dominant perspective?
- i.e. local media, tv, internet, radio, print
- Despite the apparent 'choice' of media providers, what tends to emerge is a consensus across the various sorts of media which offer very similar approaches to the same issues. 

'Priming' public opinon
- The concept of priming relates to the way in which tv news increases the salience of certain attributes of a story in the minds of the audience - helps them to work out what is important
- i.e. the tv news tells us not to only what issues to consider, but also how to think about them
- This process allows the audience to receive a more manageable amount of info - they cannot pay attention to everything so it helps them focus. 

Essay workshop

13 Reasons Why

Values of the channel may be imposed on the adaptation

Are there issues of cultural appropriation which impact the way in which a story is viewer/presented through fiction adaption?

Does cultural imperialism impact the storytelling and story selection you are analysing?
- Understood in the UK because of globalisation

What evidence is there that globalisation is impacting the adaption
- Available around the world - Netflix 
- The characters story is not the same for everyone around the world

What does the impact have through translation from original to adaption?

What binds/frames the decisions? Netflix is different - has the potential to have an infinite market. Taking a view of the world.

Re-cap
- Globalisation within the media has the potential to 'export' cultures, values and ideologies
- It can lead to globally dominant media brands which may drown out other voices
- It also has the potential to view the world as a whole rather than by regional boundaries - interconnected and interdependent - therefore making the world feel smaller
- The media remain an important force for framing the issues and ways of understanding those issues around the world, affecting how we see ourselves. 

13 Reasons Why
- Helpful but not helpful - way in which it can reach people/experience it - humanises it - the suicide

MAJOR PROJECT: Project Evaluation

Production My aim for this major project unit was to further develop the aspects of production which I had written about in the p...