Tuesday 20 November 2018

PRE-PRODUCTION: Props

As I have a visual view of the film as well organising everything to make the film happen, I am in charge of the props. I know props are important but I wasn't sure exactly how important they are. I carried out some research in order to see how useful the right props can be. Props cannot be underproduced, therefore I will look at this research to see how 

Props are very important because they can change an atmosphere in a scene completely. They can help transport the audience from watching the film on the outside, to in the film with the actors. Some stories are incredible and touching, however, if you don't put enough recognition to the props in your scenes. It can make your audience perceive the story in the wrong way. The importance of props in films are often overlooked. We should keep in mind, visual objects of each film, as important as the story, characters, sound and cinematography. Many aspiring filmmakers simply overlook this factor or they only consider placing props as something in the background, without making them meaningful to the scene or not appropriate enough. 

Photo from http://filmental.com/general/importance-movie-props/

The photo above shows a film Have A Nice Day compared with two other films, Horrible Bosses and Anger Management. From the screen shots of each film, it is clear to see what films would be more engaging to the audience due to the amount of props. In Have A Nice Day, the desk and computer could have been anywhere, but we can see that the desks in Horrible Bosses and Anger Management are set in offices. Even if the desks are on a set rather than in a real office, it still looks more believable as an office area. The amount of props that are on the desk in Horrible Bosses and Anger Management is what makes it more realistic. It is clear that the production team did their best to get as many props on the table as they could. We believe that desks at work are messy as they are usually covered in a lot of paperwork. The amount of props on these desks can help enhance the performances of each character, and make them look more conceivable. 

Have A Nice Day looks very flat and lifeless. The scene is very plain which makes it difficult for the audience to focus on the plots and build the emotional bond. Characters can be given a prop that gives a lot of meaning about the character itself. However, in Have A Nice Day, it's harder to see an object that get characterise them. 

Props need to add their purpose to the scenes, and they shouldn't be there to just fill empty spaces or for decoration. Some props are used for decoration but there should be some which add to the story.

My thoughts:
- Props need to be considered carefully before they are put in a scene. They need to be there for a reason not to just fill a space. While reading through the script and making notes on the props we need, I will make sure I record everything that I could put into the different scenes to help bring them to life.

- Too many props must be better than too little.

- I will look around at different props in order to get the best ones which are most appropriate for our film no matter what the price. The look of the film is most important in terms of props. I will be able to reduce the budget in other ways, however taking away props in order to save money will hinder the aesthetic of the film which will bring the quality of it down.

As Alex is further into the script drafts, I can start securing my props list. I started a props list on script draft 1, but with the script changing over each draft the props have been changing. By looking at the script, a lot of the props can be sourced from either Katie, Alex or myself, but there are a few I'll need to buy.


Below are the props that are needed to create VET-MAN:

Props to add to the costume

Tess's briefcase 
We first see Tess when she gets home from work. She works as an estate agent and her character is very neat and tidy. As she works in sales she'll need to carry her paperwork to and from work. As she has to wear smart clothing, a briefcase is an appropriate bag for her job. Tess is very neat and we see this within her home and the condition of her clothes. This also means her briefcase will need to be in a good condition as well. In order to get one of these is to buy a new one. If we were able to source one ourselves, it wouldn't be in as good condition as a new one would.

As briefcases are usually an accessory for a man to have, I need to make sure Tess's bag is more feminine rather than a man's bag. Being a women, Tess would have a women's briefcase. I looked at a couple of women's briefcases but they all looked very manly. The bags pictured below were the best type of women's briefcase / laptop bag that I came across. Other bags just looked like a casual everyday handbag which wouldn't be appropriate for a work bag. The bag below can also hold a laptop which is something an estate agent would use to send emails and arrange house viewings with their customers.

Women's laptop bag / briefcase

Old doctors bag
Tim visits Tess at the beginning of the film because he is looking for his fathers old tool bag. This tool bag is very old as Tim's father used it when he was younger and worked as a vet. To help establish this to the audience, I need to source an old worn doctors holdall. Leather will be the best material for this because it lasts longer and we want to bring across the point that the bag is very old. As we want an old, well-loved bag, it will need to be a preowned / used bag that someone is selling, rather than looking in the shops for a new one. Websites such as eBay, Amazon and Etsy would be the best places to look for a bag of this description, as these online shops allow people to sell what they want. High street stores would not be appropriate because they sell new and modern accessories. 

The bag I have in mind is the one in the first photo out of the three below. 

Old doctors bag / holdall 

Household props

Dust pan and brush 
Tess uses a dust pan and brush to clean up the vase that Tim accidentally breaks. A dust pan and brush is a normal household item that anyone would have in their house, as a result of this it doesn't have to be a specific dust pan and brush. I have one that I can bring to the shoot. By bringing my own, I will be saving money on the budget. 


Dust pan and brush

Cup of tea
While Tim is visiting Tess, she walks back into the living room with a cup of tea. The house we are filming in for this scene will have cups available for us to use. As Tess's house is very modern, I would expect a modern looking cup rather than a small, old-fashioned teacup that an elderly person may have in their home. Pictured below are a couple of examples of modern cups, and the sort of pattern I would expect for a more contemporary look. These cups will also add to the neutral aesthetic of Tess's house.



Examples of modern cups

Two breakable vases
While Tim is at Tess's house he accidentally breaks a vase by throwing a blanket towards it on the table. As we will be breaking a vase we cannot use one that someone owns. We will need to buy a new one. We will probably want to try breaking the vase a couple of times to practice the action of throwing the blanket towards it, to see how it breaks after the blanket hits it. As a result of this, I will buy two vases so we can practice the breaking the vase more than once. The vases don't have to be any in particular. They could be made out of a thin material in order to break easier. If the vase doesn't break then we won't have anything for Tess to clean up with the dust pan and brush. 

I looked into vases that break easily with the intention of finding advice about what type of material would break easily. While I was doing this research I found out about 'breakaway objects'. These are fake objects that can be used in films to hit someone with without hurting them, therefore they break easily. A breakaway vase would ideal for this situation as it would hopefully break easily once it falls off the table. I will use a cheaper vase first as this may work just as well. If it's really cheap it may be made of bad material, rather than thick sturdy material  and then break easily anyway, rather than a thick sturdy vase. 

Before buying the vase I thought back to when I visited the house for a recce to what their colour scheme was. Our character Tess is very neat and organised and we want her house to reflect this. Therefore, the vase would have to match the decor of the house. If the main colour in the living room was blue, and I brought a pink vase then it wouldn't fit in with the colour scheme of the room. The colour scheme in the living room is light and moderate, with the darkest tone is the brown fireplace. Because of this, I could really get any colour vase. As the colour scheme is made up of neutral tones, I will avoid bright colours as it will stand out too much. I can also imagine them having a modern pattern on them to match the neutral, contemporary house. Below are examples of vases that I have in mind:


Examples of modern vases

Mirror
Tim looks into a mirror in the living room of Tess's house when he tries to get the stain out of his shirt. A mirror is a normal object to have in a living room for most people. The location we are filming in for Tess's house has a mirror in the living room so we will be able to use this one. The mirror that is already situated in the living room is pictured below:



We will be removing the two photo frames and the vase that are in front of the mirror when it comes to filming the scene.

Blanket
Tim tries to clean the stain on his shirt by rubbing it with a blanket. He then throws the blanket and it knocks a vase off the side table. As we will be using the blanket to rub a potentially wet stain, this could then stain the blanket. As a result of this, we will need to buy a new blanket as we wouldn't want to ruin anyones own blanket. Because we will be getting the blanket dirty, we only want a cheap one. 

Again, the colour of the blanket would need to match the colour scheme in the living room. As I have already established that the colours is the living room are made up of beiges and browns, a neutral colour blanket would suit the room well, and look as if it had always been there. The coloured blankets in the photo below would be suitable for the colour scheme of the living room.

Grey blanket from Primark Home

Extra props

Phone & road map
Luke looks at his phone when he is looking at directions to The Kent Owl Academy when they run over the dog. This can easily be created by Luke looking at his own phone or one of ours. To make it more believable we can use an iPhone and get maps up with the directions to the owl academy on it. 

Luke is also holding a road map. These can be sourced from any supermarket, to keep the idea of them searching for the owl academy believable, I will find a map that focuses on the Maidstone area.

Two screwdrivers
After Tim and Luke run over the dog, Tim believes he can save him. He asks Luke for the tools, but Luke picks up two screwdrivers instead. As it states that he picks these up in the script, it means we will see them on the camera. Therefore, they need to be given as much thought as the other props. After this line, Luke asks if he wants a phillips or a flat-head. As a result of this piece of dialogue, one of the screwdrivers must be a phillips and the other must be a flat-head. 


Phillips and flat-head screwdrivers

Pet food bowl
When Sheila goes hunting for her cat, Sooty, she is seen holding a food bowl. In the story, she is holding the owl with the hope of luring Sooty out from wherever he's hiding. This prop doesn't have to be anything special, just as long as it is a small food bowl, fit for a cat. As the audience don't know that Sooty is a cat until Luke visits Sheila and tells her the bad news, the food bowl shouldn't have anything on it that associates it with a cat. Otherwise the audience may get confused or predict what is about to happen. If it is obvious that the food bowl is for a cat then it would be likely that Tim and Luke would see this and realise she is looking for a cat and not a dog and then the story wouldn't play out as it should. As a result of this, to avoid any confusion or continuity errors the food bowl should be plain.

Alex has a spare food bowl that we can use as he has pet cats. 

Bin bag & something solid for inside
Luke delivers the dead dog to Sheila in a bin bag. The bin bag was simple to source as I have a roll of these at home. However, thinking of something to pretend to be the dog was slightly harder. We thought of using an old piece of carpet that one of us may have lying around in attics or sheds. As we want to use an old piece of carpet we should be able to cut it to whatever size we feel appropriate for the size of our dog. 


Tissues
Luke gives Sheila a tissue when she gets upset about her Sooty. Tissues are another prop that doesn't require much thinking about. We can source a pack of tissues from any supermarket for a cheap price.

Bloody tissues
At the end of the show in the pub car park, Tim is seen holding a bloody tissue to his face after being punched by Sheila's son. We can use a tissue from the pack that Luke gave to Sheila in order to keep the amount of props that we need down. We can cover the tissue in the same fake blood that we use for when Tim operates on the dog in the back of the van. 

Empty Kleenex box/packet
Tess explains that she has no tissues left for Tim to wipe his face with after getting punched. In order to let the audience believe we didn't use the same pack of tissues from before, it will be wise to buy another pack of tissues. Alex also states in the script that these are branded Kleenex tissues, so to bring his vision to life I will source this exact brand of tissues. 


Vets props / equipment 

Latex gloves & a surgical face mask
As Tim is a vet, it is essential to show that he has real hygiene equipment. This will help bring the idea of Tim the vet to life and make his character more believable to the audience. As part of his vet costume, he'll need specific props that real vets would have. Latex gloves are one of them. He uses these first when he operates on the dog. By having these props in his van he is one step closer to making the audience believe he is a real vet. 

He also needs a surgical face mask. There are different types of face masks so I will ensure I will get the correct one. Builders wear face masks as well as doctors and vets. However, these masks are different. Builders masks are usually made from a harder material for safety, as they protect the mouth and nose from dust and building materials. If a piece of material was to fall onto their face, the hard mask will protect them. On the other hand, doctors and vets have soft masks for hygiene reasons, they protect their patients from bacteria passing onto them. This can be done by someones breath hitting someone else as they may be carrying an illness they didn't know about, the soft barrier stops this. 

I will make sure I source a surgical face mask in order to get the correct one for our project.

Syringe, scalpel and stethoscope 
As our sitcom is about a vet, in order to make it believable the audience need to see his surgical tools. There are many tools that a vet would have but the ones described in the script are a syringe, scalpel and stethoscope. Therefore, I need to source these as props for the vet. We have a stethoscope and syringes from the previous project so the only tool I need to source is a scalpel. 

I have shopped around for scalpels and the majority of results I came across were art scalpels for clay making and crafting. In order to make our vet believable he needs a surgical scalpel. I made sure to search for a surgical scalpel in particular and I came across the blue one in the photo below. This is the one we want to use in the film.


Vets tools

Fake blood
As our sitcom is dark and gory, a lot of fake blood will be needed. We used this in the previous project and we still have a lot left over so we will not be needing to source this again. 

'Vet Van' & keys
The van is a big part of the film. It is the biggest item that we'll need for the film. Alex's grandad is lending us his van for the project. This has saved a lot of money because it would be very unlikely that we would be able to afford to hire a van for the shooting period. The keys will come with the van so the whole time we have the van, we will have the keys. 

Vinyl transfer sticker
On the side of the van, Alex has planned to write a slogan, then by opening the side door, it will reveal something rude. To do this to a professional standard, I have looked into the best way to apply slogans and graphics to a vehicle, and how to create the slogan for the best results.

The most common mistakes people make when creating the print for the van are putting too much information on it - less is more. Another mistake is getting the proportions wrong, resulting in a distorted or blurry picture. We have different options of getting large vinyl stickers and cutting them ourselves or sending off for our slogan and when it comes back it'll be ready to stick on the van. We will most likely go with the idea of sending them off, so we will have to keep in mind what size we want them.

In terms of colour, recommended is black with two accent colours. These are more engaging with the public for advertising the service. Our main colour of the slogan is black, and our graphic is of Tim so that will be a mixture of a few different colours.

The best place to put the most important information, which is usually the contact number, is on the side and back of the van. This will allow pedestrians walking by and vehicles behind the vehicle to see the number. We had already thought about a contact number on the side of the van, but I hadn't thought about putting it on the rear of the vehicle, so I will keep this in mind when ordering the design.

If the vans sole purpose is for the business then a permanent slogan and graphic will be appropriate, but if the van is only being used as a temporary measure then removable graphics are essential. As our van is only being Tim's 'Vet Van' for a short amount of time, we will want a removable slogan. This is why we want to use stickers rather than paint, as stickers can be peeled off. Paint would be harder to remove. 

Alex has found the website he wants to use, called bannerbuzz.co.uk and has designed an example logo.

Fake owl
The script states that we are punching an owl. As a result of this, it was obvious that we needed a fake owl because we are not intending to harm any animals while making this film.  I searched online to find a fake plush owl, but in the end it was Alex who found this prop. He sent me the link and I looked into it further to see if it was practical. It originally came as a owl wool and sewing kit and we had to put it all together in order to get our final prop. It turned out rather well, and in comparison with the real owl we are using the size difference wasn't bad either. 

We have already brought the owl and used it in a test shoot. It withstood the punches well and is in a good condition. As a result of this, we will be using the same owl in the real shoots. This will prevent us having to buy a new one. By already testing it, it has given us an insight on how durable it really is. Now we know that it should withstand the final shoots as well, without having to source another one in the middle of the filming period. 

The owl is also completely made up of wool, no hard material in the middle. Therefore, it will be safe for our actor for Tim to punch without harming himself.

Our fake owl

Leather gauntlet 

During the test shoots with the owls, we've been using their leather gauntlets as they already have them to hand. We have permission to use their gauntlets during the real shoot also because we are using their birds. 

Fake black cat

After we see Tim and Luke speed off when they realised that Sooty is a cat and not a dog, we next see a cat sleeping peacefully down the road. As we found in the previous project, real animals are hard to work with. Owl's are more obedient but cats are not. We wouldn't be able to get a real cat to sit still for us and because of this it is best to get another fake animal. Similarly to the owl, I need to find a plush cat prop which looks realistic. I had a look online and found a couple of options which are pictured below. In the first photo is of a cat ornament and it is made from a resin material so it has a hard texture to it. This cat looks realistic but the closer you get the more it looks like an ornament rather than a fluffy plush. As real cats are soft and fluffy, I think we'll need this texture for the camera. It'll make it look more realistic if the audience can see the soft fur on the cat. 

The second photo is of a black cat, however because the cat is completely black with no marks on it, and you cannot see it's face very well as the eyes are shut. As a result of this, from a distance I think it could be anything, and it doesn't look very obvious that it's a cat. Then I came across the last photo. This is a black and white cat, the head is in a better position so you can see it well from the front, and the white marks make it stand out a bit more. From a distance, the audience will know it's a cat, and close up you'll be able to make out the fluffy and soft fur, making it more believable as a cat.

The third photo is of the cat we will be using.


Different fake cats

Owl food
During the film, the audience watch the owls being fed dead chicks. These will be supplied by The Kent Owl Academy because they know best what the owls eat. Having the audience see this also adds to the believability of Tim. It can also act as a educative part of the film as well as a bit gruesome, because it's not common knowledge to know what owls eat, so the audience can also learn something new during the film.

Leaflets
Tim hands Mollie a leaflet about himself and the services he can provide. To keep the believability of the film, I will need to create this rather than using any leaflet that I have to hand. If the camera shows this long enough the audience will be able to see what's on it. As a result of this, the leaflet needs to be genuine. 


On the right is an example leaflet I have created. For the shooting period I will be able to update the photo to one of our actor for Tim. He was unable to make the call back so I wasn't able to get a photo of him. Nevertheless, this example shows the layout I would expect to see on Tim's leaflet. His name, VET-MAN, a good photo of him in uniform looking professional and then his motto underneath: 'We love animals, small or large. From cats to cockerels. We care! Then his contact number. Inside the leaflet would have a list of his services to the animals, and possibly some made up good reviews about his work.

Feathers 
When the fake owl gets punched to the ground, we want feathers coming off it and falling down after the bird. We realised this looking back at the test shoot footage and we thought it was missing something. The owl we will be using is white with a few brown feathers on its back. I started looking at different white feathers and I found all different types. The ones I felt were most appropriate were goose feathers as these are most similar to owl feathers. The goose feathers are shown in the first photo and a standard craft feather is in the second photo below. Out of these two white feathers, I felt the goose feathers would work better. Then I came across the beige and brown feathers. I thought that the feathers would look better if they were a couple of different shades of beige and brown instead of plain white. As a result of this, we will be going for the feathers in the third photo, but taking the dark brown feathers out as the colours on our bird are quite light. 


Different types of feathers


Two pints in the pub

At the end of the film in the pub, Luke and Tim are talking about the days events. The script states that they have two pint glasses in front of them. Tim has an almost empty pint glass and Luke has a mostly full half pint of fruity cider. We will be buying these from the pub and emptying them accordingly to match the description in the script. 





References:
Seisenov, D. (2017). Importance of Movie Props. Available: http://filmental.com/general/importance-movie-props/. Last accessed 20th Nov 2018.

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